Through this monitoring, scientists found chemicals that do not naturally occur in Statia waters. These substances originate from everyday activities, including the use of boat paint, fuel spills, cleaning agents, and materials or chemicals from the land washed into the sea during periods of heavy rainfall. Once introduced into the marine environment, these chemicals can settle into the sediment (sand and dirt) on the sea floor. Corals, fish, and shellfish can absorb these chemicals. This affects how they grow. The chemicals build up over time and move through the food chain.
Additionally, our wastewater affects our water quality. Even though wastewater is not a human-made chemical itself, it can become toxic as residues of medicines we consume often end up in the environment as well.
This poses risks not only to ecosystems but also to our island community, as these chemicals possibly end up on our plate.
One example of a chemical detected in parts of the wider Caribbean is tributyltin, known as TBT. TBT was formerly used in antifouling paint to prevent marine growth on boat hulls, yet it is highly toxic to marine life. It releases slowly into the water and is extremely toxic for corals and other underwater organisms. Due to its severe environmental impact, TBT is banned worldwide under the International Convention on the Control of Harmful Antifouling Systems on Ships(2), and it is listed under the Rotterdam Convention, which regulates its trade. Additionally, the local environmental regulation includes a rule for vessel repair companies that prohibits the use of these toxic paint chemicals (Artikel 14.3 Onderhouden, repareren of afspuiten)(3). Even though it is banned, scientists still found TBT in Statia waters, as these toxic products continue to be sold in the area.
By monitoring our waters and sediments, Statia can detect these risks early and take informed steps to address them. However, safeguarding our seas is a shared responsibility. By checking product labels, choosing safer alternatives, and considering the wider consequences of our choices, we can all contribute to a cleaner and healthier marine environment.
